{"id":5644,"date":"2021-10-21T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-10-21T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hybex.fr\/?p=5644"},"modified":"2022-03-30T06:45:27","modified_gmt":"2022-03-30T06:45:27","slug":"creation-reprise-entreprise-plan-de-financement-initial","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hybex.fr\/creation-reprise-entreprise-plan-de-financement-initial\/","title":{"rendered":"Cr\u00e9ation ou reprise d&rsquo;entreprise : comment faire son plan de financement initial ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Le plan de financement initial sert \u00e0 calculer le co\u00fbt total du projet au d\u00e9marrage. Il permet ainsi de d\u00e9terminer le montage financier \u00e0 mettre en place pour rendre le projet viable. Pour cause, tout lancement de projet, qu\u2019il s\u2019agisse d\u2019une <a href=\"https:\/\/hybex.fr\/creation-entreprise\/\">cr\u00e9ation d\u2019entreprise ou d\u2019une reprise d\u2019activit\u00e9<\/a>, n\u00e9cessite des investissements. R\u00e9guli\u00e8rement, le dirigeant ne dispose pas par lui-m\u00eame de la totalit\u00e9 des fonds n\u00e9cessaires. Le plan de financement permet donc de d\u00e9finir pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment les d\u00e9penses \u00e0 pr\u00e9voir, ainsi que les sources de financement \u00e0 exploiter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Composition d\u2019un plan de financement : les plus et les moins<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour donner une vision claire des finances n\u00e9cessaires au projet, le plan de financement initial se pr\u00e9sente comme un tableau en 2 parties. D\u2019une part, on inscrit les sources de d\u00e9penses et les montants \u00e0 d\u00e9bloquer : les investissements et le besoin en fonds de roulement. D\u2019autre part, on liste les ressources financi\u00e8res disponibles pour couvrir les d\u00e9penses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les investissements et besoins en fonds de roulement regroupent donc un large \u00e9ventail de d\u00e9penses comme des machines, des meubles, du mat\u00e9riel, des v\u00e9hicules, du stock de d\u00e9part. Mais aussi les \u00e9ventuels travaux de r\u00e9novation et d\u2019agencement. Ils englobent \u00e9galement une partie du capital immat\u00e9riel de l&rsquo;entreprise comme les licences, les brevets, les d\u00e9p\u00f4ts de marque, les fonds de commerce\u2026 Il faut \u00e9galement penser aux d\u00e9penses qui immobilisent de l\u2019argent comme les cautions pour les locaux, les v\u00e9hicules. Dans le cadre d\u2019une reprise d\u2019activit\u00e9 ou d\u2019une entr\u00e9e en tant que nouvel associ\u00e9, les co\u00fbts des parts de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 entrent \u00e9galement dans le tableau du plan de financement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les sources de d\u00e9penses sont donc particuli\u00e8rement nombreuses. Il convient alors de voir large et de pr\u00e9voir des marges de man\u0153uvre pour ne pas \u00eatre pris de court en cas d\u2019impr\u00e9vu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En face, on dresse la liste des sources de financement exploitables. La plus \u00e9vidente est l\u2019apport en capital social. Lequel peut \u00eatre compos\u00e9 d\u2019apports en num\u00e9raire, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire en argent, et d\u2019apports en nature, comme par exemple des locaux, des brevets\u2026 Dans le cas d\u2019entreprises individuelles, m\u00eame si le capital social n\u2019est pas obligatoire, cela n\u2019emp\u00eache pas le dirigeant d\u2019investir ses propres fonds. Lesquels rejoignent donc le plan de financement initial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Au-del\u00e0 du capital social, les associ\u00e9s d\u2019une entreprise peuvent \u00e9galement d\u00e9dier des fonds au renflouement de l\u2019entreprise pour qu\u2019elle puisse financer ses investissements. Cet argent s\u2019inscrit dans les comptes courants d\u2019associ\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mais il est \u00e9galement possible de faire appel \u00e0 des investisseurs ext\u00e9rieurs pour r\u00e9unir le montant n\u00e9cessaire au lancement de l\u2019activit\u00e9. On ajoute donc les emprunts aupr\u00e8s des banques et organismes de financements ; les lev\u00e9es de fonds sous toutes leurs formes ; ou encore les subventions d\u2019Etat ou des collectivit\u00e9s locales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c9tapes du plan pour financer la cr\u00e9ation ou la reprise d\u2019une entreprise<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Afin de dresser un tableau exhaustif des d\u00e9penses et des sources de financement, il convient de bien calibrer le projet et les besoins. Aussi, avant de faire son plan de financement sous forme de tableau, le porteur de projet a tout int\u00e9r\u00eat \u00e0 agir m\u00e9thodiquement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u2019abord, il est donc conseill\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9tablir le budget des frais induits par la cr\u00e9ation de l\u2019entreprise. Puis de lister les investissements imp\u00e9ratifs pour lancer le projet, ainsi que d\u2019\u00e9valuer les montants n\u00e9cessaires. De m\u00eame, il faut d\u00e9terminer les besoins en fonds de roulement au d\u00e9marrage. G\u00e9n\u00e9ralement, ils s\u2019\u00e9talent sur l\u2019ann\u00e9e, voire sur deux ou trois ans. De cette fa\u00e7on, on s&rsquo;assure d\u2019avoir les fonds pour assumer la vie courante de l\u2019entreprise le temps qu\u2019elle trouve sa rentabilit\u00e9. Une fois ceci fait, il est pertinent d\u2019\u00e9tudier la capacit\u00e9 d\u2019apports de chaque associ\u00e9 ou du dirigeant seul. Puis de lister les diff\u00e9rents financements auxquels l\u2019entreprise peut pr\u00e9tendre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Il faut alors parvenir \u00e0 ce que les sources de financement soient sup\u00e9rieures ou \u00e9gales au montant n\u00e9cessaire pour les investissements et le BFR. Le plan de financement doit \u00eatre coh\u00e9rent et \u00e9quilibr\u00e9. Dans l&rsquo;id\u00e9al, il devrait m\u00eame \u00eatre positif pour s\u2019assurer de la latitude en cas d\u2019impr\u00e9vus, souvent in\u00e9vitables.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Source<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/bpifrance-creation.fr\/encyclopedie\/previsions-financieres-business-plan\/previsions-financieres\/plan-financement-initial\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Le plan de financement initial d&rsquo;un projet de cr\u00e9ation d&rsquo;entreprise<\/a>, BPIFrance<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le plan de financement initial sert \u00e0 calculer le co\u00fbt total de la cr\u00e9ation d&rsquo;entreprise. D\u00e9terminer les sources de financement.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5646,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v19.6 (Yoast SEO v19.14) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Plan de financement pour la cr\u00e9ation ou la reprise d&#039;entreprise - Hybex<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le plan de financement initial sert \u00e0 calculer le co\u00fbt total de la cr\u00e9ation d&#039;entreprise. 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